Cluster analysis reveals the role of positive attitudes and behaviors in personal growth among university students, suggesting pathways for development.
The current study aimed to profile and examine the predictive role of positive attitudes, namely hope, kindness, meaning in life, and sense of humor, and positive behaviors, including self-reflection, self-monitoring, self-leadership, and self-motivation, in relation to personal growth among university students in Pakistan. The Objective of the Study was to assess the level of positive attitudes and positive behaviors among university students. : A Multistage random sampling technique, a probability sampling technique, was used. A total of 900 participants completed self-report questionnaires comprising demographic information and nine standardized psychological scales. Data were analyzed using cluster analysis to explore the contributions of individual factors and student subgroups. The analysis identified three student profiles. Cluster 1 (High positive profile) showed high levels of positive traits and personal growth. Cluster 2 (Moderate profile) had mixed trait levels with lower personal growth. Cluster 3 (Low traits/high growth) had lower positive traits but the highest personal growth, suggesting growth despite fewer internal strengths. These findings underscore the bright side of youth by highlighting how positive attitudes and behaviors shape growth and define meaningful psychological profiles.
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Zulfiqar et al. (2025) studied this question.
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