Research on electricity consumption of dialysis machines based on measurements

Background Hemodialysis (HD) treatment, the main renal replacement therapy, is accompanied by a significant environmental burden in terms of water and energy consumption and medical waste generation. Electricity consumption is an important part of the carbon footprint of hemodialysis treatment; however, direct and clear studies on the amount of electricity used per treatment in dialysis machines are lacking. Methods The electricity consumption of hemodialysis treatments of four different models of dialysis machines (4008S V10, AK200S, Dialog+, and TR8000) was measured and recorded from 1 March 2024 to 1 March 2025 using an electricity metering socket. The electricity consumption per treatment was calculated and compared between the different dialysis machines. Using multiple linear regression to analyze the relationship between electricity consumption per treatment and intake water temperature, number of treatments each day, and disinfection protocol. Results The median electricity consumption (kWh) per treatment of the four dialysis machines was 2.45, 2.60, 3.23, and 2.54, respectively. Electricity consumption per treatment varied significantly across dialysis machine models. Multiple regression revealed negative correlations between per-treatment electricity consumption and intake water temperature, daily treatment count, and disinfection protocol; the regression coefficients ( B ) were −0.113, −0.373, and −0.188, respectively, which were statistically significant. Conclusions The electricity consumption of dialysis machines per treatment is influenced by a variety of factors, of which the intake water temperature has the most significant effect. Electricity consumption differed between dialysis machine models. These differences likely stem from variations in machine design, usage, and maintenance practices.