Electronically tunable CCCII and OTA-based fractional-order meminductor emulator and its application

In this paper, two fractional-order meminductor (FOMI) emulators have been realized using second-generation current-controlled conveyor (CCCII) and operational transconductance amplifier (OTA). In the first realization, two OTAs, one CCCII, one resistor, one fractional-order capacitor, and one integer-order capacitor are used. In the second configuration two CCCIIs, one OTA, two resistors, one fractional-order capacitor, and one integer-order capacitor are used. Pinched hysteresis loops have been achieved for a wide range of frequencies. The robustness of the proposed FOMI emulators has been verified through formation of pinched hysteresis loops under process, voltage, and temperature variations. Other characteristics, such as transient analysis, nonvolatility tests, tunability, and pinched hysteresis loops for variations in the order of the fractional capacitor, are also found to be satisfactory. The proposed configurations of the fractional-order meminductor emulator are also compared with existing solutions for integer- and fractional-order meminductors. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed FOMI is verified by embedding it in the design of a chaotic oscillator.