The difficulties of differential diagnosis of primary lymphoma and toxoplasmous encephalitis in a patient with HIV-associated encephalopathy

The article discusses aspects of the differential diagnosis of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system and toxoplasmous encephalitis in a patient with HIV-associated encephalopathy. Both diseases have similar clinical manifestations, which makes differential diagnosis difficult. However, an in-depth study of clinical and anamnestic data, modern neuroimaging methods such as contrast-enhanced MRI, and awareness of radiologists about the specific signs of these diseases significantly improve the early diagnosis of these nosology’s.