Interactions and Structural Organization in a Hybrid Nanosystem Silver / Sodium Alginate

The present study is devoted to the substantiation of technological approaches to the production of nanocomposite materials for medical purposes with the immobilization of silver in ionic and zero-valence forms, which have mutually reinforcing antiseptic effects. The synthesis of silver nanoparticles was carried out by chemical reduction under conditions that simulate the production of wound healing materials for the treatment of infected wounds and exclude the use of toxic reducing agents and stabilizing additives. Silver nitrate was used as a precursor, sodium alginate as a reducing agent and stabilizer of nanoparticles, and sodium carbonate as an accelerator. Electron spectroscopy was used to evaluate the dynamics of the nucleation and growth of nanoparticles. The dynamics of the evolution of small clusters preceding the formation of the metal phase was traced, and the achievement of a quasi-stationary state of the system was recorded. The content of aldehyde groups in the sodium alginate preparation was estimated by iodometric titration. The use of a reducing agent in concentrations below the equimolar ratio causes the simultaneous presence of metal in the system in the forms of Ag+ and Ag0. The change in the state of biopolymer films was estimated by Fourier-IR spectroscopy with a quantitative assessment of the absorption intensity for 13 characteristic bands formed by fluctuations in the interatomic bonds of alginate. The state of the functional groups of the polymer makes it possible to identify and group the deviations caused by its participation in the reduction of silver ions, in interactions with the remaining part of the ionic form, as well as in the stabilization of colloidal silver particles. The results of the study confirm that the guluronate blocks of the alginate macromolecule ensure the localization of silver ions with the formation of a stable “egg-box” conformation, and the mannuronate units form a protective shell around the nanoparticles of the reduced metal. For citation: Aleeva S.V., Fidorovskaya Yu.S., Krichevskii G.E., Oltarzhevskaya N.D., Koksharov S.A. Interactions and structural organization in a hybrid nanosystem silver / sodium alginate. ChemChemTech [Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol.]. 2025. V. 68. N 10. P. 35-45. DOI: 10.6060/ivkkt.20256810.7195.