This analysis reveals critical defense mechanisms in skin immunity and highlights the consequences of bacterial and viral infections.
The skin provides complex immune protection through innate immunity (physical barrier of the stratum corneum, antimicrobial lipids, resident microflora, secretory IgA) and adaptive immunity (skin-associated lymphoid tissue (SALT), including Langerhans cells, lymphocytes). Disruption of these mechanisms leads to serious infectious consequences: bacteria (S. aureus, S. pyogenes) cause impetigo, erysipelas, psoriasis; viruses (SARS-CoV-2) provoke hair loss and rashes; parasites (leishmania, sand fleas) lead to scars, deformations, tungiasis; fungal infections (dermatophytosis, mycetoma, coccidioidomycosis, zygomycosis) cause persistent scars, alopecia, necrosis. Understanding these relationships is critical for developing effective strategies for the treatment and prevention of skin infections and their complications.
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Kanner et al. (2025) studied this question.
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