Cotton Cultivation: Thematic Mapping and Its Research Trends

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze, through bibliometrics, the scientific production on cotton farming, with the purpose of outlining the research landscape, trends, and gaps. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework of this article was directed toward the bibliometric axis, addressing the foundations of thematic mapping of cotton farming, its global role, and the technological/environmental challenges. Method: This study is a bibliometric analysis based exclusively on the Web of Science database (descriptor cotton farming). A total of 147 publications were analyzed using the IRStudio software, with indicators such as authors, annual output, affiliations, themes, and geographical distribution. Results and Discussion: Three phases of scientific production were identified: intensive mechanization; Bacillus thuringiensis cotton with reduced use of chemical pesticides; and regenerative agriculture. Publications increased from the year 2000 onwards, with Brazilian research being underrepresented. The main limitations concerned the gaps regarding long-term impacts of transgenic cultivation and the implications of the European Union’s role in regulations aimed at shaping global value chains. Research Implications: The study highlights the need for strengthening technological transfer and international cooperation to advance sustainable practices, especially in developing countries. Theoretically, the study is expected to shed light on the historical transition processes from approaches based on intensive chemical systems to regenerative ones, supporting the advancement of practices focused on carbon sequestration and biodiversity. Originality/Value: This study stands out by applying tools such as Bibliometrix/Biblioshiny to the mapping of 75 years of publications on cotton farming, providing guidance for public policies and sustainability strategies.