Connecting the Dots Between the Eyes, the Brain, and COVID-19

COVID-19 is a viral infection that affects not only the respiratory system but also other organs of the body. Ocular manifestations due to COVID-19 infection and its vaccination have been reported, including cases of neuro-ophthalmology. This may be due to the neurotropic and neuroinvasive characteristics of the virus. This case series aims to investigate the characteristics of neuro-ophthalmology cases that may function as a guideline and warning to the examiner. We found ten COVID-19 infection cases, consisting of five optic neuritis cases with two pediatric patients, two patients with cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST), two patients presenting with visual field defects, and one patient with sixth nerve palsy. Vaccine-related-wise, we found two patients presenting with optic neuritis, one patient with CST and one with visual field defect, all with a history of getting vector virus vaccine. The majority of the patients in this report were male, with two pediatric patientsin total. The most common neuro-ophthalmology manifestations related to COVID-19 infection were optic neuritis, followed by CST, visual field defect, and cranial nerve palsy. Optic neuritis was also the most common case pertaining to vaccination, followed by CST and visual field defect.