Preservation of Historical Cities Through Urban Acupuncture: A Case Study of Al-Najaf (Iraq)

The subject of this research is the concept of urban acupuncture, which is an innovative approach to urban development, especially in relation to the preservation of historical cities. The paper considers the possibility of using urban acupuncture using the example of Najaf, a city in Iraq with significant historical and religious importance. Urban acupuncture involves targeted, small-scale interventions that can significantly affect the overall state of the urban environment without major restructuring or destruction of historical heritage. The purpose of the study is to analyze the approaches, principles and strategies of urban acupuncture, as well as to assess the feasibility of using urban acupuncture interventions in Najaf aimed at improving the urban environment while preserving historical integrity. Methodology of the work: through the analysis of various modern interventions in the urban structure of An-Najaf, the study identifies successful strategies and methods that can be adapted to other historical cities. The study also highlights the importance of involving local communities in planning and implementation processes, which is necessary to ensure broad public support and participation. The key findings suggest that urban acupuncture can effectively solve urban problems in densely populated historical areas, contributing to sustainable development and improving the quality of life of residents. The study highlights the potential of urban acupuncture to renovate historic urban spaces, enhance their attractiveness and liveability, while preserving their cultural and historical significance. The scientific novelty of the results obtained lies in the development of an adapted model of urban acupuncture for historical cities in the Middle East, taking into account their socio-cultural characteristics, as well as the systematization of principles and strategies of urban acupuncture in relation to conditions of high density of historical buildings. The study confirms that urban acupuncture is a promising tool for the sustainable development of historical cities, allowing for a harmonious combination of cultural heritage preservation with modern requirements for the quality of the urban environment.