Optimization of the Diagnostics of the Health Status in Men and Women with Metabolic Syndrome in Modern Conditions

Despite on the progress in the development of medicine, a significant understanding of the course of various pathologies and their impact on human health, as well as the preservation and promotion of health, is one of the directions of state policy in Ukraine. People should have a disease-free life in order to live a long and high-quality life, to realize their plans, unlock their potential, and develop their families and society. The objective: to assess the lifestyle and reproductive, physical and mental health of Ukrainian citizens to further improve the diagnosis and stratification of the risk of metabolic syndrome development. Materials and methods. The study included 210 patients (78.57% female and 21.43% male) aged 20 to 49 years who were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. A structured interview was conducted to ascertain the patient’s medical history, lifestyle, mental and reproductive health. The laboratory and clinical examinations to determine total cholesterol, leptin and HOMA index were also carried out. The results were analyzed using SPSS software, v. 26.0. Contingency tables, correlation and variance analyses were used. Results. Examination of patients with metabolic syndrome showed that male patients, regardless of age, had an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Young women aged 20–29 years showed a high risk of insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus development, while women aged 30–39 years had the highest leptin level, which is a potentially negatively factor for reproductive function. Engaging in sports and weight loss were positive factors in reducing HOMA index and leptin regardless of patients’ age. One in four patients had symptoms of depression. About 20% of patients consumed alcohol and had a tendency to consume sweets. From 2022 to 2024, 41.2% of women and 71.1% of men reported reproductive function disorders. Conclusions: An in-depth comprehensive examination, considering demographic, anthropometric, hemodynamic, and hormonal health indicators, solved the scientific task of expanding the understanding of health status remodelling criteria and establishing the influence of lifestyle on identified classic and alternative factors contributing to the development and progression of pathological conditions in the examined patients. These results highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome, considering the age and gender of patients.