Psychiatric Sequelae in Adult Open Globe Injury Patients

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate psychiatric sequelae in open globe injury patients and to identify the risk factors associated with these sequelae. Methods: After a complete ophthalmologic examination, Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Zung Depression Scale (ZDS) scores were administered to all patients. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to final best corrected visual acuity (BCVA): group 1 (no perception of light, NPL), group 2 [perception of light (PL) or hand movements (HM)], group 3 (1/200 to 19/200), group 4 (20/200 to 20/50), and group 5 (20/40 or above). Results: A total of 113 patients with open globe injuries were included. The mean ZDS scores were 78.5±35.9 in group 1, 66.2±24.5 in group 2, and 27.6±2.1 in group 5. In group 1, 8 patients (66.7%) had moderate depression. In group 2, 20 patients (60.6%) had mild depression. All patients in group 4 and group 5 had ZDS scores in the normal range. There is a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ZDS scores. In univariate analysis, depression (ZDS) and trauma (DTS) scores were associated with younger age ( P =0.016 and P =0.003, respectively) and lower final visual acuity level ( P <0.001, for both). In multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex, a lower final visual acuity level ( P <0.001, for both) was also associated. Conclusions: In conclusion, high anxiety and depression scores can be seen in open globe injury patients. Patients with young age and lower final visual acuity should be carefully screened, and the presence of a psychiatric pathology should be investigated. Amelioration of psychiatric pathologies may improve patient compliance with treatment and clinical success.