Prediction Model for Identifying a High-Risk Group for Food Insecurity among Elderly South Koreans

Abstract This study aimed to identify the highest risk group for food insecurity in elderly South Koreans. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2022 Korea Community Health Survey. Subjects were divided into four groups; A: Sufficient quantity and variety of food, B: Sufficient quantity but not variety of food, C: Sometimes insufficient quantity and variety of food, and D: Often insufficient quantity and variety of food. Decision tree analysis was conducted to build a prediction model of food insecurity. Individuals who were not receiving basic livelihood assistance, were living with a family member, and had a diploma beyond college level were the highest proportion (75.8%) in Group A. For Group B, those who were not receiving basic livelihood assistance, were living alone, and had depression were the highest proportion (49.4%). In Group C, those who were receiving basic livelihood assistance, had no depression, and were living alone were the highest proportion (44.2%). Finally, those who were basic livelihood assistance, showed depression, and were living alone were the highest proportion of Group D (14.3%). The food insecurity of the elderly in South Korea is associated with basic livelihood assistance, depression, education level, and household type.