Juvenile Fibroadenoma in Toddlers: A Case Report with Review of Literature

Palpable breast mass is rare in infants and toddlers, which are mostly fibroadenoma (FA). As per English literature, to the best of our knowledge, only three cases of juvenile FA in toddlers have been reported (at ages 13, 16, and 17 months). We present a case of a 16-month-old female child, with a unilateral breast mass of size 5 × 5 cm2, diagnosed as juvenile fibroadenoma (JFA) with micropapillary hyperplasia, exhibiting gynecomastoid morphology. JFA are known to depict an immunoprofile similar to that seen in gynecomastia, with typical three-layered ductal lining (two basal layers and one luminal layer). Giant JFA must be distinguished from phyllodes tumors, virginal hypertrophy, and malignancy. Treatment of JFA includes either excision or observation; large-sized FA may require reconstructive techniques to maintain symmetrical breasts.