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Abstract Background Implementing hepatitis B vaccination is an important strategy to reduce hepatitis B virus infection and disease burden. Suboptimal adult hepatitis B vaccination coverage limits the further reduction of hepatitis B virus infection. Methods A multistage stratified random sampling method was adopted to survey the permanent population aged 1–59 in 2006 and 2024. We calculated the vaccination coverage rate, hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb)–positive rate, rate difference, and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of the 2 survey populations, and used the 95% CI and χ2 test to determine whether the difference in rate was statistically significant. Results Six hundred twenty-three people were surveyed in 2006 and 606 people were surveyed in 2024. From 2006 to 2024, the hepatitis B vaccination coverage among people aged 1–59 years increased from 54.1% to 78.9%, and the HBsAb-positive rate increased from 46.2% to 57.6%. There was no significant difference in vaccination coverage in the population 15 years of age, but the antibody-positive rate increased significantly. The vaccination coverage rate of the 15–59 age group increased significantly, but there was no statistical difference in the antibody positivity rate of the 15–49 age group, and the antibody positivity rate of the 50–59 age group increased significantly. Conclusions Hepatitis B vaccination coverage among adults was still insufficient. Hepatitis B vaccine-mediated immunity was low in adults aged 30–49 years. It is recommended to update the guidelines for hepatitis B vaccination of adults in China, cancel the assessment of risk factors and prevaccination serological screening, and emphasize universal vaccination of all unvaccinated adults to increase coverage.
Gong et al. (Fri,) studied this question.