First report of pathogenicLeptospirain Sri Lankan bats: A potential reservoir risk

Background Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection caused by spirochetes of the genus Leptospira . It affects both humans and animals, posing a significant public health threat worldwide. In Sri Lanka, leptospirosis causes annual outbreaks, particularly during the monsoon seasons. The disease is often difficult to diagnose and can have a high mortality rate. Bats are potential reservoirs for Leptospira in other countries. This study investigated the presence and diversity of Leptospira in bats inhabiting the Wavulgalge, a natural cave in Sri Lanka. Methodology/Principal Findings Using PCR and Sanger sequencing techniques, Leptospira borgpetersenii and Leptospira kirschneri were identified in Miniopterus fuliginosus and Rousettus leschenaultii bats. Out of 148 bat urine samples, 16 tested positive via RT-qPCR, with M. fuliginosus samples harboring L. borgpetersenii and one R. leschenaultii sample harboring L. kirschneri revealed by Sanger sequencing method. Conclusions/Significance These findings enhance the understanding of the zoonotic role of Sri Lankan bats in Leptospira transmission.