Dispelling Stasis and Detoxification Method based on COX-2/PGE2 Pathway

Gastric cancer is a disease with high mortality rate among global cancers, and its survival rate is extremely low and treatment prognosis is extremely poor, which seriously impedes the development of the world economy. Pre-cancerous gastric lesion (PLGC) is the early stage of gastric cancer, so far modern medicine has no effective measures to prevent and reverse the development of PLGC to gastric cancer, the pathogenesis of PLGC is not yet clear, but the theory of inflammatory cancer transformation is now more popular. Therefore, the COX-2/PGE2 pathway can generate an inflammatory environment, promote cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis, promote angiogenesis and other processes, so that PLGC gradually develops into gastric cancer. According to Chinese medicine, gastric cancer is mostly caused by stagnation of qi and blood stasis, and the internalisation of fire and toxicity, so the elimination of blood stasis and detoxification fits the pathogenesis of the disease, and Chinese medicine can play an anti-inflammatory role in the COX-2/PGE2 pathway by inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting the formation of capillaries, which can prevent PLGCs from progressing to gastric cancer, and thus preventing the development of gastric cancer. This article reviews the pathogenesis of PLGC by COX-2/PGE2 signalling pathway, and the progress of TCM drugs targeting PLGC based on COX-2/PGE2 pathway by dispelling stasis and detoxification, with the aim of providing more theoretical basis and prescription research for clinical practice.