Responsibility of information intermediaries: Comparative analysis of activity in Russia and abroad

The present article is devoted to the consideration of civil liability of information intermediaries as subjects of civil legal relations and their activities in Russia and abroad. It is argued that in the modern world information has become one of the key resources influencing all spheres of society. The role of information intermediaries, which provide access to information, is becoming more and more significant. In modern society, with their direct participation the creation of information space, as well as influence on the formation of public opinion takes place. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the activities of information intermediaries in Russia and abroad, taking into account their role in ensuring information security and protecting freedom of speech. The study reveals similarities and differences in the work of information intermediaries in different countries and assesses their impact on public development. The specific features of the work of information intermediaries in these or those states are shown, responsibility mechanisms for ensuring effective protection of information security and development of free information space are proposed. Based on a comparative analysis of the activities of information intermediaries in Russia and abroad, the authors conclude that it is necessary for the state to take a more active part in regulating and controlling the activities of information intermediaries. Their responsibility should be based on the principles of fairness, proportionality and protection of users’ rights, rather than on censorship and restrictions on freedom of speech.