Lactate/Pyruvate Ratio as an Early Predictor of Mortality in Patients with Sepsis: A Cohort Study

Background: The lactate/pyruvate (LP) ratio has been studied as an alternative to serum lactate to determine clinical prognosis. Despite its clinical utility, there is a paucity of evidence evaluating the role of the L/P ratio in patients with sepsis. Methods: We assessed the clinical utility of the L/P ratio in patients with sepsis. The L/P ratio was measured at baseline, 4 and 8 h after admission. Our primary outcome was to determine the prognostic utility of the L/P ratio on the 15-day mortality risk. Our secondary outcomes were to compare the L/P ratio across time and its prognostic utility against standard risk calculators such as APACHE-II and SOFA scores. Results: We had a total of 80 patients, with 18 (22.5%) survivors and 62 (77.5%) non-survivors. While we found that patients having higher L/P ratios at 8 h had an increased 30-mortality risk (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.18), the model’s performance showed no difference when compared to other measurements of the L/P ratio that showed no association with mortality (p-value: 0.45). For our secondary outcome, we found that the APACHE-II and SOFA scores have better performance and predictability than the L/P ratio (AUC 0.83 and AUC 0.80, respectively), but showed no association with mortality (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.01–1.17 and OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.18). Conclusions: Based on our findings, the L/P ratio appears to function more effectively as an early predictor of mortality when used as an adjuvant biomarker with other clinical parameters.