Factors Related to Periodontal Diseases Among Pregnant Women: A National Cross-Sectional Study in Indonesia

Pregnant women are at a high risk of periodontal tissue damage. It is because of changes in food patterns and poor mouth hygiene. This research aims to determine factors associated with periodontal diseases among pregnant women in Indonesia. It was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. The study used secondary data from 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas). From the 300,000 sample households interviewed, there were 8,902 pregnant women. The dependent variable was periodontal diseases, and the independent variables were characteristics, systemic, and behavioral factors. To determine the factors most associated with periodontal disease in pregnant women using multivariate logistic regression. The results of this study indicate that the prevalence of periodontal in pregnant women in Indonesia is 65.7%. The factors most associated with periodontal disease in pregnant mothers are lack of education, living in urban areas, gestational age, brushing teeth after breakfast and before sleeping, and smoking. This research highlights the importance of enhancing oral health education and promoting healthy lifestyles to reduce the risk of periodontal disease in pregnant women.