Postcolonial Englishes moving towards/past endonormativity: A survey of literature on attitudes and implications

In each postcolonial multilingual environment, a nativised and standardising form of English is commonly used in the country's educational system, administration, and media, rather than Standard British English (SBE). Despite research indicating that teachers struggle to effectively teach SBE and learners consistently fail to acquire its features, educational authorities in these countries continue to promote SBE. This approach hinders the possibility of embracing flexible language ideologies that could lead to the development of local varieties of English and their acceptance as models for the classroom. In this article, I review the literature on attitudes towards postcolonial nativised Englishes and argue that adopting these Englishes as local standards has significant implications for the local English language teaching industries at sociolinguistic, pedagogic, economic, and policy levels.