Changing of the Format of Defensive War of the Turkic Nomads During the Middle Ages and Modern Era

The article is devoted to the study of changes in the format of conducting defensive war among the Turkic nomads of the Eurasian space. Methods and approaches to conducting this type of combat operations are analyzed in the context of changing foreign policy situations and the military-technical superiority of European powers in modern times. At the same time, the centuries-old military domination of nomads in the vast steppe expanses of Eurasia, and in some cases beyond their borders, their creation of multi-ethnic states (Turkic Khaganates, Golden Horde, Seljuk State, Kazakh Khanate, etc.), which played a significant geopolitical role in the context of interaction between countries Central and Eastern Asia, the Near and Middle East, Asia Minor and Eastern Europe, among other factors, were also based on their military power. The purpose of the article is to study changes in the content of the strategy of conducting a defensive war among the Turkic nomads of the Middle Ages and modern times. The article uses methods of factorial, textual, and diachronic analysis, which allow us to identify the main elements of conducting such military operations. The material presented in the article allowed the authors to conclude that the Turkic nomads had a centuries-old strategy for waging a defensive war, which included the use of all types of weapons, counterattacks and deep raids into the internal territories of the enemy, the use of maneuvers to lure the enemy into ambushes, etc.