Challenges and strategies of instructional supervision in senior secondary schools in Yola north local government area of Adamawa state

The study investigated the challenges of instructional supervision in Senior Secondary Schools in Yola North Local Government Area of Adamawa State, focusing on seven key objectives related to planning, organizing, staffing, coordination, reporting, budgeting, and improvement strategies. It employed a descriptive survey research method, using questionnaires distributed to 138 respondents, including 30 school administrators and 108 teachers. The data was analyzed with mean scores and tested using an Independent Sample T-test with SPSS (Ver. 21). The study identified six major challenges: lack of proper planning, organization, staffing, coordination, reporting, and insufficient budgeting. Ten strategies were proposed to address these challenges, including training for supervisors, appointing specialists, adequate staffing, better budgeting, and strengthening the audit unit. The T-test results showed no significant difference between the responses of administrators and teachers across all hypotheses tested. Recommendations included training supervisors, appointing specialists, ensuring adequate staffing, improving budgeting, and enhancing audit practices to prevent fund embezzlement.