Analysis of some health indicators of the population living in 21 districts of the republic of Belarus affected by the Chernobyl disaster

In the article the dynamics of the population (in total, children and people of working and retirement age), mortality and incidence rates were analyzed in 21 districts of the Republic of Belarus contaminated due to the Chernobyl disaster. A decrease in the population in the affected areas was shown. The decline in the urban population is less pronounced, the maximum rate of decline was observed among the rural population of the areas most remote from large cities with developed infrastructure. At the same time, there was no increase in mortality rates in the affected areas and its decrease in the Republic of Belarus by 1,4% per year. Mortality from malignant neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases was 1,5 times higher in the affected areas than in the Republic of Belarus. The incidence rates of all diseases was 1,5 times higher (p<0,05) in the Republic of Belarus. However, the incidence of thyroid and circulatory diseases was significantly higher in the affected areas. The incidence of thyroid cancer was higher in the affected areas, but statistically insignificant, which indicates an equalization of indicators in all areas of the republic.