Media evolution in HIV narratives through the ages

Since the 1980s, the evolution of media narratives about HIV/AIDS reflects significant changes in public perception and disease management. Initially linked to stigma and prejudice, AIDS was treated as a death sentence and moral punishment, especially towards marginalized groups. Over time, narratives transformed, particularly after the introduction of antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the I=I (Undetectable = Untransmittable) concept, highlighting AIDS as a manageable chronic condition. This study reviews the literature on changes in media representations of HIV/AIDS, comparing early epidemic narratives with post-HAART and post-I=I narratives. Results indicate a shift from stigmatizing narratives to more educational and inclusive representations, reflecting scientific advancements and reduced social stigma.