Detection of Diclofenac and Carbamazepine using Voltammetry and Flow Injection Analysis at Boron‐Doped Diamond Thin‐Film Electrodes

The electrochemical detection of two pharmaceuticals, diclofenac (DCF) and carbamazepine (CBZ), was investigated as an oxidation current using boron‐doped nanocrystalline diamond (BDD) thin‐film electrodes. Both voltammetry and flow injection analysis with amperometric detection (FIA‐EC) were used to measure the drugs in standard solutions and a urine simulant. The oxidation potential of DCF was ca. 0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl (3 M KCl) in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) and was ca. 1.2 V for CBZ in 0.1 M perchloric acid. The DCF oxidation reaction was diffusion controlled at the detection potential with evidence of some surface fouling by