The Antibacterial and Anti-Breast Cancer Activities of Caulerpa racemosa from the Minahasa Peninsula Water and North Sulawesi, Indonesia

Caulerpa racemosa is a type of green algae recognised for its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria and its potential to combat breast cancer. The algae are composed of several bioactive chemicals, such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, steroids, alkaloids, and terpenoids. Hence, this study aimed to ascertain the antibacterial and anti-breast cancer properties of Caulerpa racemosa extract obtained from the Minahasa Peninsula, notably the North and Southeast water regions. The anticancer test assessed the algae extract cytotoxicity against MCF7 breast cancer cells using the MTT assay for direct measurements. The antibacterial test employed the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. The findings indicated that the extract of Caulerpa racemosa collected from the water in North Minahasa exhibited a potent antibacterial activity. The substantial antibacterial action of the substance was demonstrated by an average inhibition zone of 13.5 mm against Mycobacterium smegmatis at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, the highest concentration tested. The extract from water in the North and Southeast Minahasa regions exhibited significant anticancer activity, with IC50 values of 149.9 ppm and 313.2 ppm, respectively.