Therapeutic Impact of α-Mangostin and Hyperbaric Oxygen on Alveolar Bone Cell Activity and MMP-8 Expression

Orthodontic treatment often involves tooth retraction involving the alveolar bone. Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) protein, osteoblast cells, and osteoclasts are indicators of bone remodeling. Combining α-mangostin and hyperbaric oxygen therapy can improve bone repair after orthodontic retraction. To assess the alveolar cell bone and MMP-8 expression for bone remodeling in endodontic retraction after α-mangostin administration and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. A total of 25 model animals were subjected to short (orthodontic) elastomeric chain retraction for 28 days. Then, osteoblast and osteoclast bone cells were treated with H and E staining and MMP-8 protein with immunohistochemistry. The α-mangostin therapy or combination with hyperbaric oxygen therapy was a significant increase in the number of osteoblasts (p=0.010) and osteoclasts (p=0.021), as well as MMP-8 expression (p=0.038) in the treatment group. There was a strong and significant positive correlation between the number of osteoblasts and osteoclasts (r=0.803, p= 0.012), osteoclasts and MMP-8 (r=0.973, p=0.021), and osteoblasts and MMP-8 (r=0.82, p=0.041). The α-mangosteen, hyperbaric oxygen, and combination therapy showed the ability to improve alveolar bone repair initiated by an increase in osteoblast cells and a decrease in osteoclast cells in line with the response of MMP-8 protein.