A Mendelian randomization study on causal relationship between metabolic factors and abnormal spermatozoa

Male infertility is a global health problem. There is an increasing attention on the association of metabolic status with spermatogenesis. However, the impacts of metabolic factors on semen parameters are still unclear. To provide evidence for developing appropriate interventions on disease screening and prevention, we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to assess causality between various metabolic factors and abnormal spermatozoa.