Investigation of the Effects of Mechanical Washing Resistance and Weather Conditions on Chemically Strengthened Crystal Glasses

The chemical tempering method is a versatile process applicable to glass of various sizes, complex shapes, and thin structures (up to 0.5 mm).Evaluating chemical strengthening methods under different weather conditions is crucial for developing durable glassware.This study examines the impact of mechanical washing resistance and weather conditions on untreated and chemically tempered glass through experimental analysis.Tempered samples exhibit an average Compressive Stress (CS) of 413 MPa (±8 MPa), a Layer Depth (DOL) averaging 20 µm (±2 µm), and Central Stress (CT) averaging 9 MPa (±0.6 MPa).Despite this, Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS) images show no visible impact on surface morphology post-tempering.Nevertheless, EDS spectra indicate an increased potassium ratio, confirming successful chemical tempering.The hardness of chemically tempered glass is 6.16 GPa (±0.18), significantly higher than untempered glass at 5.53 GPa (±0.12).In the Free Fall Test, untempered glass drops an average of 16 cm, while tempered glass surpasses 28 cm without breaking.During the Bending Test, untempered glass bends 6 degrees on average, whereas tempered glass exceeds 13 degrees without breaking.Chemically tempered glass resists hydrolysis well and shows no significant difference in dishwasher resistance, but it excels in breakage resistance under test conditions.