Analysis of internal defects in power cables based on temperature field simulation

This paper constructs a model of the internal cross-sectional temperature field of power cables based on the multiphysics coupling simulation software, Comsol, to conduct an in-depth analysis of internal defects in power cables. First, a temperature field coupling model for power cables was built, and the accuracy of the simulation model was verified through mesh and boundary condition analysis. Subsequently, the distribution patterns of the internal temperature field of power cables were investigated under normal operating conditions and typical fault conditions (eccentric defects, internal water tree defects). The simulation results reveal that the presence of faults affects the insulation capability of the cables insulation layer, causing an imbalance in internal heat conduction and thus impacting the temperature distribution within the power cable. Additionally, this paper compares the internal temperature field distribution of power cables under different conditions (changing coil current and heat transfer coefficient) during normal operation. The results indicate that the temperature rise of power cables is closely related to the current carrying capacity and the heat transfer coefficient. Through an in-depth study of the temperature field distribution in power cables, this research provides a more precise, efficient, and economical reference solution for fault detection and repair in power systems, thereby enhancing the stability and safety of power cables and promoting the sustainable development of power cable technology.