Gravity Siphon Design Best Practices

Cities around the world are challenged with conveying gravity sewer flows across rivers, waterbodies, and other low-lying obstacles through use of inverted siphons. Inverted siphons are often constructed to convey gravity sewer flows across rivers, waterbodies, and other low-lying obstacles. By their very nature, they present a number of engineering challenges that, if not adequately addressed in design, can challenge the construction, operation, inspection, and maintenance of the infrastructure over its design life. This paper will discuss some of the unique challenges in design, construction, operation, maintenance, and condition assessment and suggest some best practices to overcome many of the unique challenges.