The Role of Soil in Carbon Sequestration: Mechanisms and Implications

Soil carbon sequestration is a key process in the fight against climate change. It involves capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and storing it in the soil as organic matter. This natural process helps reduce the amount of CO2 in the air, which is a major cause of global warming. In this review, we look at how soil sequesters carbon, including the biological and chemical processes involved. We also explore the various factors that affect how much carbon can be stored in soil, such as soil type, climate, and land use. Understanding these factors is crucial for enhancing the soil's ability to sequester carbon. The review further discusses the significant role that soil carbon sequestration can play in mitigating climate change. By keeping more carbon in the soil and out of the atmosphere, we can help slow down global warming. Additionally, improving soil carbon levels has benefits for agriculture, such as better soil health, increased crop yields, and reduced need for chemical fertilizers. Healthy soils also support diverse ecosystems, promoting overall environmental health.