A randomized controlled study to evaluate the safety and feasibility of concomitant transluminal injection of foam sclerosant combined with endovenous laser ablation in patients with incompetent small saphenous veins

To compare foam sclerotherapy through the access sheath (transluminal foam sclerotherapy [TLFS]) combined with endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) with EVLA alone in terms of safety and one-year venous clinical severity score (VCSS) changes in patients with small saphenous vein incompetence.