Causal Relationship Model of Health Literacy, Self-Efficacy Perception, Self-Care Behaviors on Blood Sugar Levels Among Elderly People with Type-2 Diabetes

Objective: To develop a causal relationship model of health literacy, self-efficacy perception, and Self-Care Behaviors on Blood Sugar Levels of Type 2 Diabetes on Elderly and check for the developed model's consistency with empirical data. Method: The sample consisted of 455 elderly people with type-2 diabetes who could not control their glycemic control using stratified sampling. The tool used to collect data was a questionnaire. The confidence value was 0.804-0.964. The LISREL program analyzed structural equation model data. Results: The developed causal relationship model consisted of self-care behaviors as direct negative causes of blood sugar levels. Health literacy and self-efficacy were negative indirect causes of blood sugar levels with self-care behavior as a carrier. The developed model was consistent with the empirical data with Chi-Square = 62.20, df= 54, relative Chi-Square = 1.15, p = 0.20733, RMSEA = 0.0183, RMR= 0.00895, SRMR = 0.0186, GFI = 0.983, AGFI = 0.962, CFI = 0.999, NFI = 0.989 and all variables contributed to the percentage variance in blood glucose level. at 97.8 %. Conclusion: The findings revealed that in caring for the elderly with type 2 diabetes, health literacy development must be considered, self-efficacy perception and better self-care behavior in order to help reduce blood sugar levels in this group of elderly people in the end.