Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) rollout, most cases of tuberculosis among people with HIV in Adama, Ethiopia, occur before ART initiation

Although antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to reduced tuberculosis (TB) incidence in people with HIV (PWH), ART recipients remain at higher risk of TB compared to HIV-seronegative people. With accelerated ART rollout in sub-Saharan Africa, increasing proportions of TB cases among PWH in people receiving long-term ART have been reported.