Adapting Stable Matchings to Forced and Forbidden Pairs

We introduce the problem of adapting a stable matching to forced and forbidden pairs. Given a stable matching M1, a set Q of forced pairs, and a set P of forbidden pairs, we want to find a stable matching that includes all pairs from Q, no pair from P, and is as close as possible to M1. We study this problem in four classic stable matching settings: Stable Roommates (with Ties) and Stable Marriage (with Ties). Our main contribution is a polynomial-time algorithm, based on the theory of rotations, for adapting Stable Roommates matchings to forced pairs. In contrast, we show that the same problem for forbidden pairs is NP-hard. However, our polynomial-time algorithm for forced pairs can be extended to a fixed-parameter tractable algorithm with respect to the number of forbidden pairs. Moreover, we study the setting where preferences contain ties: Some of our algorithmic results can be extended while other problems become intractable.