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This research investigates the inherent challenges within the urban design process. It argues for the importance of co-design, a collaborative approach involving stakeholders. Through the lenses of 'collaborative rationality' and 'design thinking', the study explores the implementation of co-design. Employing qualitative methods including content analysis and specialised techniques, the research aims to develop a conceptual framework for operationalising co-design during the design stage. This framework emphasises fostering mutual understanding among stakeholders. It will be structured as a multi-level and multi-factorial process, existing within a cyclical model of discovery, ideation, conceptualisation, and evaluation.
Ezzatian et al. (Tue,) studied this question.