The Impact of Green Spaces to Human Psychology and Their Mental Health

With rapid urbanization, the increasing separation between humans and the natural environment is exacerbating mental health challenges. Research shows that contact with the natural environment yields significant psychological benefits. However, existing theories have limitations in sample diversity and explanatory power. This study reviewed and tested five major theoretical frameworks, aiming to develop a new interdisciplinary theoretical framework. Using a questionnaire, data from 413 participants were analyzed via structural equation modeling. The results confirmed the important roles of physiological and cognitive effects, and psychological needs satisfaction, in how the natural environment influences mental health. This research created a progressive theoretical framework that integrates these findings, enhancing understanding of the complex mechanisms by which nature affects mental health and informing urban planning. Future research, based on this framework and involving larger samples, will aim to develop a more comprehensive theoretical system.