Comprehensive Review and Evaluation of the Diagnostic Methods of a Multiple System Atrophy Diagnosis

Multiple System Atrophy (MSA) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder belonging to a group called synucleinopathies. It is characterized by the abnormal accumulation of α-synuclein in oligodendrocytes, causing glial cytoplasmic inclusions. MSA is commonly misdiagnosed due to its overlapping symptoms with other diseases, namely Parkinson's Disease (PD). This study reviews the diagnostic methods used for MSA and discusses their benefits and how they can be improved for future research. These methods include the current diagnostic criteria, MRIs, biomarkers, and genetic screening. Through a comprehensive search of the current literature, utilizing PubMed and Google Scholar, I analyzed and compiled numerous research articles for their relevance and content. Emphasizing the accurate and distinctive diagnosis of MSA allows individuals to better manage the consequences of this devastating disease.