Association Between Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: An Updated Review

Background: Metabolic syndrome is an increasing health problem worldwide. It is a syndrome encompassing the presence of central obesity and two of the three following criteria: high blood pressure, impaired glucose metabolism, and elevated non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol level (atherogenic dyslipidaemia) It is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Objectives: The objective of the current study was to explore the association between metabolic syndrome and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Methods: The current literature on metabolic syndrome connection with chronic musculoskeletal pain has been reviewed and the evidence is collected to explore the above objectives. Results: A total of 17 studies were included in this review among which 16 studies supported that there is a clear association between metabolic syndrome and chronic musculoskeletal pain. Conclusion: The results of this review suggest a positive association existed between the presence of chronic musculoskeletal pain and metabolic syndrome components. Awareness of this association could enable an early MS diagnosis and the implementation of preventative measures.