PF127/bleomycin hydrogel promotes subcutaneous extracellular matrix remodeling and fibrosis to construct personalized flaps through the TGFβ-Col signaling pathway

Background Skin flap transplantation is used to effectively reconstruct defects of the hand and foot skin and soft tissues. We here investigated the effect of the PF127/bleomycin (BLM) hydrogel on the extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling of skin flaps and the underlying mechanism, thereby providing a new reference point for personalized flap modification and overcoming abrasion resistance- and stability-associated difficulties.