Exploring The Foundations and Applications of Cosmological Simulation

This paper mainly discusses the theoretical basis of cosmology and the methods and techniques used in cosmological simulations. Based on Einstein’s field equation and RW metric, Friedmann’s equation is derived. People developed many universe models based on Friedmann’s equation and came up with many possibilities for the evolution of the universe. With the development of computer science, now people can study cosmology using simulations. Different numerical techniques, such as the Monte Carlo method, Lagrangian method, etc., are used in the simulations. People can easily get access to data that is hard to gain from direct observations and understand the formation of all kinds of structures in the universe using simulations. In general, cosmological simulation has a great positive effect on the development of cosmology. This paper is for non-professionals and serves as a basic introduction to cosmology and cosmological simulation.