Mapping Flood Risk Vulnerability in the Vishwamitri River Basin using GIS and Remote Sensing Techniques

Floods are the most prevalent natural disaster worldwide, and their frequency is expected to rise due to factors like climate change, rapid urbanization, poor watershed management, and the development of impermeable surfaces.This study presents a comprehensive review of flood risk assessment approaches, which consider flood risk as a function of both hazard and vulnerability.Utilizing GIS, remote sensing, and multi-criteria decision-making tools, the study aims to perform a geomorphic analysis of the Vishwamitri River Basin, create a flood risk map, and propose effective flood risk management strategies.Key parameters for flood hazard mapping included precipitation, drainage density, slope, and geomorphology, while flood vulnerability was assessed using land use, population density, and road proximity.The study's findings indicate that 17.86% of the area is at very low flood risk, while 12.01% is at very high risk.High flood risk correlates with areas of high hazard and vulnerability, emphasizing the need for both structural and non-structural mitigation measures.The resulting flood risk map serves as a critical tool for decision-makers in planning and managing flood risks effectively.