Spatial Analysis of Sustainable and Agricultural Development in Southern Brazil

Abstract This work sought to create and analyze a Sustainable and Agricultural Development Index (SADI) for the municipalities that make up the Southern Region of the country. For this, the methodology used was the factor analysis through the analysis of principal components and, subsequently, the exploratory analysis of spatial data (ESDA) was performed, verifying the distribution of the indicator. The main results revealed that the values found for the indicators showed a medium-low degree, considering that the highest value found was 0.5885 and the others presented values below 0.5. The municipalities with the highest indicators, with the highest degree of sustainable and agricultural development, were Curitiba (PR) (0.5885); Capivari do Sul (RS) (0.4541); and Paranapoema (PR) (0.4536). While the lowest indicators, with a lower degree of sustainable and agricultural development, were: Bombinhas (SC), (0.1843); Governador Celso Ramos (SC) (0.2170); and Matinhos (PR) (0.2172). Regarding the ESDA, it showed strong evidence of a positive and significant spatial correlation between the municipalities analyzed, in addition, there was a high disparity in the sustainable and agricultural development of the municipalities that make up these states.