Mendelian randomization to assess causality between bone mineral density, fractures and chronic kidney disease

Abstract Background This study explores the intricate correlation between kidney function and bone health through Mendelian randomization, focusing on cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods We utilized biomarkers such as serum creatinine (eGFRcrea) and serum cystatin C (eGFRcys) to assess kidney function and examined their impact on bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk. Mendelian randomization techniques were employed to analyze these associations. Results Our findings indicate that biomarkers of kidney function significantly impact BMD and fracture risk. Specifically, we observed a positive association between CKD and lumbar spine BMD and an inverse relationship between serum cystatin C and heel BMD. Conclusions These insights could enhance the management of bone health in individuals with CKD by enabling more precise monitoring and tailored interventions. Future research should further clarify these relationships and explore their potential applications in clinical practice, potentially leading to improved strategies for preventing and treating osteoporosis in at-risk populations.