Secondary Metabolites of Halobacillus sp.: Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity, Biological Compatibility, and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis

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Background The rise of infectious diseases and the emergence of resistant pathogens pose significant challenges to human health. In response to this global threat, researchers are exploring novel sources of bioactive compounds for effective antimicrobial therapies. One avenue of investigation is the study of halophilic bacteria and their secondary metabolites. These bacteria thrive under extreme conditions and produce valuable bioactive metabolites, which have the potential for therapeutic applications. Methods In this study, the potent bacterial cultures obtained from the Payanur salt pan, Tamil Nadu, were analyzed for the antimicrobial activity of their metabolites. The secondary metabolites were obtained from the halophilic bacteria by culturing the bacteria in 8% NaCl. The resultant secondary metabolites produced were extracted using ethyl acetate and their antimicrobial property was studied using the well diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of these metabolites against five clinical pathogens, namely,