Probing the internal structures of pΩ and ΩΩ with their production at the Large Hadron Collider

The strange dibaryons <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><a:mrow><a:mi>p</a:mi><a:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><c:mo>(</c:mo><c:mmultiscripts><c:mi mathvariant="normal">S</c:mi><c:mn>2</c:mn><c:none/><c:mprescripts/><c:none/><c:mn>5</c:mn></c:mmultiscripts><c:mo>)</c:mo></c:math> and <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><e:mrow><e:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</e:mi><e:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> <h:math xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><h:mo>(</h:mo><h:mmultiscripts><h:mi mathvariant="normal">S</h:mi><h:mn>0</h:mn><h:none/><h:mprescripts/><h:none/><h:mn>1</h:mn></h:mmultiscripts><h:mo>)</h:mo></h:math> are likely bound, existing either in molecular states like the deuteron or as more exotic compact six-quark states. Here, we investigate the production of these two dibaryons in <j:math xmlns:j="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><j:mrow><j:mi>Pb</j:mi><j:mo>+</j:mo><j:mi>Pb</j:mi></j:mrow></j:math> collisions at <k:math xmlns:k="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><k:mrow><k:msqrt><k:msub><k:mi>s</k:mi><k:mrow><k:mi>N</k:mi><k:mi>N</k:mi></k:mrow></k:msub></k:msqrt><k:mo>=</k:mo><k:mn>2.76</k:mn></k:mrow></k:math> TeV at the CERN Large Hadron Collider within a covariant coalescence model, which employs a blast-wave-like parametrization for the phase-space configurations of constituent particles at freeze-out. For the molecular states, the <l:math xmlns:l="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><l:mrow><l:mi>p</l:mi><l:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</l:mi></l:mrow></l:math> and <n:math xmlns:n="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><n:mrow><n:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</n:mi><n:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</n:mi></n:mrow></n:math> are produced via <q:math xmlns:q="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><q:mrow><q:mi>p</q:mi><q:mtext>−</q:mtext><q:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</q:mi></q:mrow></q:math> and <s:math xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><s:mrow><s:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</s:mi><s:mtext>−</s:mtext><s:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</s:mi></s:mrow></s:math> coalescence, respectively, while for the six-quark states, they are formed through <v:math xmlns:v="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><v:mrow><v:mi>u</v:mi><v:mi>u</v:mi><v:mi>d</v:mi><v:mi>s</v:mi><v:mi>s</v:mi><v:mi>s</v:mi></v:mrow></v:math> and <w:math xmlns:w="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><w:mrow><w:mi>s</w:mi><w:mi>s</w:mi><w:mi>s</w:mi><w:mi>s</w:mi><w:mi>s</w:mi><w:mi>s</w:mi></w:mrow></w:math> coalescence. We find that the yield ratios <x:math xmlns:x="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><x:mrow><x:msub><x:mi>N</x:mi><x:mrow><x:mi>p</x:mi><x:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</x:mi></x:mrow></x:msub><x:mo>/</x:mo><x:msub><x:mi>N</x:mi><x:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</x:mi></x:msub></x:mrow></x:math> and <ab:math xmlns:ab="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><ab:mrow><ab:msub><ab:mi>N</ab:mi><ab:mrow><ab:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</ab:mi><ab:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</ab:mi></ab:mrow></ab:msub><ab:mo>/</ab:mo><ab:msub><ab:mi>N</ab:mi><ab:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</ab:mi></ab:msub></ab:mrow></ab:math> have a distinct centrality dependence between the molecular and multiquark states, thus offering a promising way for distinguishing the two states. Our results suggest that the measurements of <eb:math xmlns:eb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><eb:mrow><eb:mi>p</eb:mi><eb:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</eb:mi></eb:mrow></eb:math> and <gb:math xmlns:gb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><gb:mrow><gb:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</gb:mi><gb:mi mathvariant="normal">Ω</gb:mi></gb:mrow></gb:math> production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions can shed light on their internal structures. Published by the American Physical Society 2024