Study of Dielectric Properties of Typical Electrical Insulating Materials by Terahertz Wave Spectroscopy

This research paper uses a special kind of light is called terahertz waves to study the properties of materials that prevent electricity from flowing, like plastics and glass. Dielectrical insulating materials play an important role in the Insulation coordination of electric power systems such as transformers and high Voltage power cable. Dielectric insulating materials are evaluated based on their dielectric constant, dielectric strength, loss tangent, and thermal stability. The dielectric constant determines the material's ability to store electrical energy, while the dielectric strength indicates the maximum electric field the material can withstand without breaking down. The loss tangent measures energy dissipation as heat, which is crucial for minimizing energy losses in electrical systems. Terahertz (THz) wave spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful technique for the non-destructive evaluation of dielectric properties in electrical insulating materials. This study investigates the application of THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) for characterizing typical insulating materials such as polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and epoxy resins. This research can help improve the design and performance of electrical devices, making them safer, more efficient, and more reliable.