Finite Element Analysis of Bellows Expansion Joint Under Large Deformation

Purpose: A bellows expansion joint is a flexible connector made from a series of convolutions, also known as bellows, that can accommodate movements in a piping system. The movements can include axial compression and extension, lateral deflection, and angular rotation. Methodology: Bellows expansion joints are used to absorb thermal expansion, reduce vibration, and compensate for misalignments in piping systems. They help to absorb tensile or compressive forces arising from expansions or contractions in the system. In this study, Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is performed on a bellows expansion joint within a piping system subjected to large deformations due to axial compression, axial tension, cyclic loading and bending loading. The deformation behaviour and stress distribution of the joint under the different loading scenarios is thoroughly investigated. Findings: The analysis results provide significant insights into the deformation patterns, stress distribution, and strain energy within the bellows expansion joint under loading. The result of the Finite Element Analysis is validated by comparison with experimental data from literature. Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: A detailed 3D model of the multi-convolution bellows expansion joint is developed, and appropriate material properties assigned using Abaqus. The material model parameters are calibrated using data from literature. Non-linear static analysis is then conducted to simulate the joint's response under load.