Advances in Transition Metal Catalysis and Organocatalysis Approaches towards Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Acid Derivatives

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The stereoselective synthesis of β-amino acids has attracted major attention among the synthetic community in recent years. This review provides an overview of the important advances in chiral β-amino acid synthesis over the past decade. It covers the development of enantioselective methods using transition-metal complexes or organocatalysts, mainly including catalytic asymmetric hydrogenation, the Mannich reaction, multicomponent reactions of diazo compounds, and conjugate addition. Additionally, the asymmetric synthesis of optically active β-amino acids by other approaches are also summarized. 1 Introduction 2 Strategies towards the Asymmetric Synthesis of β-Amino Acids 2.1 Hydrogenation 2.2 Mannich Reaction 2.3 Conjugate Addition 2.4 Multicomponent Reactions 2.5 Miscellaneous 2.5.1 Synthesis of β-Amino Acids from Chiral Amines 2.5.2 Synthesis of β-Amino Acids from Isoxazolidinones 2.5.3 Synthesis of β-Amino Acids by Other Methodologies 3 Summary and Outlook